Conditional sentences
are sentence that indicates a conditions or events that only happens if the
requirements are fulfilled. Conditional sentences used to asserted a conditions
or events that possible or not possibly happened. A full conditions sentence contains
two clauses, there are Protasis, the dependent clause
expressing the condition. And Apodosis, the main clause expressing
the consequence. Also there are 4 types of conditional sentences, Type 1, Type
2, Type 3 and Type 0.
1. Zero Conditional
"Zero conditional" refers to conditional sentences that
express a simple implication, particularly both clauses are in the present
tense:
·
If you
don't eat for a long time, you become hungry.
·
If I
sleep late, I am sleepy at work
If
in the beginning:
If/When+Condition,
Result/Consequnce.
If/When+Simple Present,
Simple Present.
If
in the middle:
Result/Consequence+If/When+Condition.
Simple
Present+If/When+Simple Present.
2. Type 1 Conditional
"First conditional" refers to
predictive conditional sentences. Here, normally, the condition is expressed
using the present tense and the consequence using the future:
·
If you
make a mistake, someone will let you know.
·
If I have free time, I will go swimming.
If
in the beginning:
If+Condition,
Result/Consequence.
If+Simple Present,
(Will+Bare Infinitive)/Imperative.
If
in the middle:
Result/Consequence+If+Condition
(Will+Bare Infinitive)/Imperative+If+Simple
Present
3. Type 2 Conditional
"Second conditional" refers to the
pattern where the condition clause is in the past tense, and the consequence in conditional mood (using would or, in the first person and rarely,
should). This is used for hypothetical, counterfactual
situations in a present or future time frame (where the condition expressed is
known to be false or is presented as unlikely).
·
If I liked parties, I would attend more of them.
·
If it were to rain tomorrow, I would dance in the street.
If in the beginning:
If+Condition,
Result/Consequence
If+Simple
Past, Would/Could/Might+Bare Infinitive
If in the middle:
Result/Consequence+If+Condition
Would/Could/Might+Bare
Infinitive+If+Simple Past
4. Type 3 Conditional
"Third conditional" is the pattern
where the condition clause is in the past perfect, and the consequence is expressed using the conditional perfect. This is used to refer to hypothetical,
counterfactual (or believed likely to be counterfactual) situations in the past.
·
If you
had called me, I would have come.
·
If I had given the interviewer really
good answer, I might have got a higher position than you.
If in the beginning:
If+Condition,
Result/Condition
If+Past
Perfect, Would/Should/Could/Might Have+Past Participle
If in the middle:
Result/Consequence+If+Condition
Would/Should/Could/Might
Have+Past Participle+If+Past Perfect
Source:
Name: Ahmad Al-Ghany S
Class:
4SA02
NPM:10613395
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